Table 1 Comparative analysis of patients who underwent surgical procedures to treat hip fracture and 30-day mortality in a tertiary center from Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2020–23.

From: Performance of the Nottingham hip fracture score (NHFS) as a predictor of 30-day mortality after proximal femur fracture in an older people Brazilian cohort

Characteristic

30-day mortality

p-value**

No, N = 458

Yes, N = 45

Sex female

336 (73.0%)

33 (73.0%)

0.99

Age

78.7 (9.07)*

87.2 (8.13)*

 < 0.001

Age classification

 < 0.001

 < 66 y/o

43.0 (9.40%)

0.00 (0.00%)

 

 66–85 y/o

272 (31.2%)

12.0 (26.7%)

 

 > 85 y/o

143 (31.2%)

33.0 (73.3%)

 

Living in LTCF

12 (3.00%)

4.00 (10.0%)

0.032

AMTS scale

8.00 (5.00–10.00)#

4.00 (1.00–7.00)#

 < 0.001

AMTS ≤ 6

177 (39.0%)

33 (73.0%)

 < 0.001

Hemoglobin level

11.9 (1.97)*

11.2 (2.12)*

0.036

Hemoglobin ≤ 10

70 (15.0%)

13 (29.0%)

0.033

Active malignancy (last 20 years)

49.0 (11.0%)

3.00 (7.00%)

0.61

≥ 2 comorbidities

200 (44.0%)

23.0 (51.0%)

0.87

Comorbidities

 Heart failure

49 (10.75%)

7 (15.56%)

0.31

 Arterial hypertension

293 (64.11%)

31 (68.89%)

0.62

 Coronary artery disease

41 (8.97%)

5 (11.11%)

0.59

 Atrial fibrillation

30 (6.56%)

6 (13.33%)

0.12

 Stroke

52 (11.38%)

4 (8.89%)

0.81

 Diabetes mellitus

134 (29.32%)

12 (26.67%)

0.86

 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

27 (5.91%)

5 (11.11%)

0.19

 Chronic kidney disease

36 (7.88%)

3 (6.67%)

0.99

NHFS scale

4.35 (1.54)*

5.62(1.11)*

 < 0.001

NHFS > 4

212 (46.29%)

37 (82.22%)

 < 0.001

Metabolic capacity

0.077

 ≥ 4 METs

229 (50.78%)

15 (33.33%)

 

 < 4 METs

168 (37.25%)

23 (51.11%)

 

 Undetermined

54 (11.97%)

7 (15.56%)

 

ASA ≥ 3

212 (48.51%)

33 (75.00%)

 < 0.001

Fracture classification 1

0.025

 Intertrochanteric

235 (51.31%)

31 (68.89%)

 

 Femoral neck

202 (44.10%)

11 (24.44%)

 

 Subtrochanteric

21 (4.59%)

3 (6.67%)

 

Fracture classification 2

0.017

 Intracapsular (femoral neck)

202 (44.0%)

11.0 (24.4)

 

 Extracapsular (sub and intertrochanteric)

256 (56.0%)

34.0 (75.6)

 

> 48 h to perform surgery

386 (84.3%)

35 (78%)

0.36

Time from admission to surgery

5.00 (3.00–8.00)

5.00 (3.00–7.00)

0.349

  1. *Mean (SD). #median and IQC 25–75. **Fisher’s exact test; Wilcoxon rank sum test. AMT Abbreviated Mental Test Score, AMT was assessed in 422 survivors and 42 in the 30-day death. MET Metabolic Equivalents, ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists score; NHFS Nottingham Hip Fracture Score, LTCF long-term care facilities.
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