Table 4 Multiple regression estimating covariate-adjusted main and interaction effect associations between each analyte against HRQL total.

From: Changes in insulin, adiponectin and lipid concentrations with age are associated with frailty and reduced quality of life in dogs

Model

Analyte1

Main effect model2

Interaction model2

Coefficient (95% CI)

p-value

Coefficient (95% CI)

p-value

1

ln(Adiponectin)

-0.02 (-0.14, 0.10)

0.720

-0.15 (-0.40, 0.11)

0.255

 

ln(Adiponectin) x Age

–

–

0.01 (-0.01, 0.04)

0.273

2

ln(ALP)

-0.13 (-0.22, -0.03)

0.012

0.04 (-0.22, 0.30)

0.740

 

ln(ALP) x Age

–

–

-0.02 (-0.04, 0.01)

0.169

3

ln(ALT)

-0.12 (-0.21, -0.03)

0.007

-0.01 (-0.28, 0.26)

0.917

 

ln(ALT) x Age

–

–

-0.01 (-0.04, 0.02)

0.402

4

ln(Cholesterol)

0.02 (-0.06, 0.11)

0.585

0.17 (-0.01, 0.36)

0.066

 

ln(Cholesterol) x Age

–

–

-0.02 (-0.04, 0.00)

0.074

5

FFA

0.01 (-0.26, 0.29)

0.920

0.41 (-0.31, 1.13)

0.256

 

FFA x Age

–

–

-0.04 (-0.10, 0.03)

0.235

6

Glucose

-0.05 (-0.14, 0.03)

0.223

-0.19 (-0.38, 0.01)

0.058

 

Glucose x Age

–

–

0.02 (-0.01, 0.04)

0.128

7

IGF-1

-0.06 (-0.17, 0.05)

0.277

-0.16 (-0.36, 0.03)

0.104

 

IGF-1 x Age

–

–

0.01 (-0.01, 0.03)

0.219

8

Insulin

-0.15 (-0.24, -0.06)

0.002

-0.22 (-0.42, -0.01)

0.037

 

Insulin x Age

–

–

0.01 (-0.01, 0.03)

0.448

9

Linoleic acid (18:2n6)

0.07 (-0.20, 0.35)

0.586

0.68 (-0.04, 1.40)

0.064

 

Linoleic acid (18:2n6) x Age

–

–

-0.06 (-0.13, 0.01)

0.075

10

Oleic acid (18:1n9)

-0.17 (-0.43, 0.10)

0.208

-0.11 (-0.83, 0.60)

0.750

 

Oleic acid (18:1n9) x Age

–

–

0.00 (-0.07, 0.06)

0.874

11

Palmitic acid (16:0)

-0.06 (-0.33, 0.21)

0.674

0.35 (-0.37, 1.08)

0.331

 

Palmitic acid (16:0) x Age

–

–

-0.04 (-0.10, 0.02)

0.225

12

SFA

0.14 (-0.14, 0.42)

0.316

0.43 (-0.21, 1.06)

0.183

 

SFA x Age

–

–

-0.03 (-0.09, 0.03)

0.318

  1. 1Covariates for all models include: age (years), weight (kg), body condition score, sex (male or female), gonadectomy status (intact or desexed). HRQL and all analytes standardized (mean = 0, SD = 1). Interpretation: every 1 SD increase in a given analyte is associated with a [coefficient] SD change in HRQL scores.
  2. 295% CIs and p-values estimated using robust standard errors (HC0).
  3. ALP alkaline phosphatase, ALT alanine aminotransferase, FFA free fatty acids, IGF-1 insulin-like growth factor 1, SFA saturated fatty acids.
Back to article page