Fig. 2

(a, b) 19F NMR spectra of STD, STD-Mg, STD-Ca, and STD-Sr electrolytes with H2O after storage for 15 days at 25 °C; (c) The content of Ni/Mn elements in the electrolytes after immersing the fresh LNMO powders in the four electrolytes for 25 days at 60 °C; (d) Optimized structures and binding energies of HF with DMC, EC, EMC, MgHPO4, CaHPO4 and SrHPO4.