Table 3 Reliability and convergent validity metrics.
Constructs | Indicators | Loadings | t values | Cronbach’s alpha | ρA | ρC | AVE |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PU | PU1 | 0.837 | 43.26 | 0.909 | 0.914 | 0.929 | 0.686 |
PU2 | 0.836 | 35.657 | |||||
PU3 | 0.789 | 31.056 | |||||
PU4 | 0.849 | 41.512 | |||||
PU5 | 0.846 | 38.477 | |||||
PU6 | 0.813 | 28.729 | |||||
PEOU | PEOU1 | 0.915 | 77.574 | 0.870 | 0.897 | 0.92 | 0.792 |
PEOU2 | 0.910 | 87.972 | |||||
PEOU3 | 0.843 | 32.972 | |||||
ATT | ATT1 | 0.940 | 75.606 | 0.935 | 0.935 | 0.958 | 0.885 |
ATT2 | 0.949 | 72.95 | |||||
ATT3 | 0.933 | 70.899 | |||||
SN | SN1 | 0.835 | 38.937 | 0.851 | 0.864 | 0.909 | 0.769 |
SN2 | 0.905 | 77.162 | |||||
SN3 | 0.890 | 62.799 | |||||
PBC | PBC1 | 0.868 | 42.739 | 0.838 | 0.842 | 0.902 | 0.755 |
PBC2 | 0.897 | 74.268 | |||||
PBC3 | 0.842 | 32.061 | |||||
STEAM education literacy | STEAML1 | 0.901 | 80.123 | 0.899 | 0.902 | 0.923 | 0.801 |
STEAML2 | 0.894 | 76.528 | |||||
STEAML3 | 0.877 | 70.215 | |||||
BI | BI1 | 0.890 | 64.6 | 0.851 | 0.852 | 0.91 | 0.771 |
BI2 | 0.871 | 51.975 | |||||
BI3 | 0.872 | 49.179 | |||||
AI | AI1 | 0.876 | 68.075 | 0.864 | 0.868 | 0.917 | 0.787 |
AI2 | 0.933 | 107.449 | |||||
AI3 | 0.852 | 43.275 |