Table 1 Selected studies on social barriers in adoption of decentralized infrastructure.
Study | Studied parameters | Type of infrastructure | Location | Sample size | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic factors | Public engagement | Governance discord | ||||
Finewood et al.27 | – | – | Tensions and convergences among various management strategies | GIs in general | Pittsburgh, PA, USA | 30 |
Gao et al.28 | Age, gender income, education, property specifications | Knowledge about practices, attitudes towards the environment, and cost of maintenance | – | Rain barrel | Salt Creek and Wabash watersheds, IN, USA | 90 |
Maeda et al.29 | Race and homeownership status | Relevant knowledge and preferred dissemination platforms | – | Rain barrel, Rain gardens, pervious paving, and lawn depression | Chesapeake Bay watershed, MD, USA | 297 |
Mason et al.30 | Age, education, and homeownership | Awareness and interest in practices as well as prior experience of floods | – | Rain barrels, rain gardens, and pervious paving | Knoxville, TN, USA | 396 |
Meerow31 | – | – | Conflicting priorities and limited focus on multi-functionality of GIs during planning | GIs in general | New York, NY, USA | 28 |
Miller and Montalto32 | – | Lack of public awareness | Lack of adaptivity in policies to align with local priorities and values | Green roofs, bioswales, parks & natural areas, community gardens, and permeable playgrounds | New York, NY, USA | 384 |
Newell et al.33 | – | – | Lack of interdepartmental collaboration and private–public partnership | Green alleys | Seven cities in USA | – |
Qi and Barclay34 | Age, gender, race, income, education | Participation in water conservation measures, intention to adopt GI, and platforms for knowledge dissemination | Organizational influence of higher hierarchy institutions and lack of institutional capacity for public outreach | GIs in general | Mecklenburg County, NC, USA | 510 |
