Table 3 Herbicidal activity of different solvent extracts of C. Spicata against R. raphanistrum sub Sp. sativus (L.) (GPI germination percent Inhibition , SLI shoot length Inhibition, RLI   root length Inhibition, CSREA   C. Spicata rhizome extract in acetone, CSREH  C. Spicata rhizome extract in hexane, CSREM  C. Spicata rhizome extract in methanol, CSAEA   C. Spicata aerial part extract in acetone, CSAEH  C. Spicata aerial part extract in hexane; CSAEM   C. Spicata aerial part extract in methanol, SD standard deviation; the Tukey’s test (p < 0.05) indicates that there is no statistically significant difference between mean values in a column that is followed by the same letter.)

CSREA

250

0.00 ± 0.00^ab

68.24 ± 1.20^a

73.95 ± 0.63^ab

500

10.00 ± 0.71^c

66.59 ± 0.76^a

85.12 ± 0.41^cd

1000

14.00 ± 0.55^c

73.41 ± 0.73^a

92.09 ± 0.11^abc

CSREH

250

8.00 ± 0.45^abc

63.06 ± 0.54^a

67.44 ± 0.59^cd

500

6.00 ± 0.55^bc

66.82 ± 0.71^a

85.12 ± 0.35^abc

1000

6.00 ± 0.89^bc

79.29 ± 0.75^a

94.42 ± 0.05^a

CSREM

250

14.00 ± 0.89^c

68.71 ± 0.84^a

92.56 ± 0.04^abcd

500

0.00 ± 0.00^abc

71.29 ± 0.98^a

68.37 ± 0.69^abc

1000

0.00 ± 0.00^ab

78.35 ± 0.56^a

87.44 ± 0.27^ab

CSAEA

250

4.00 ± 0.55^c

68.24 ± 0.62^a

91.63 ± 0.15^d

500

8.00 ± 0.45^c

61.88 ± 0.81^a

91.63 ± 0.36^d

1000

18.00 ± 0.45^a

58.82 ± 0.51^a

72.56 ± 0.72^ab

CSAEH

250

0.00 ± 0.00^c

62.82 ± 1.11^a

77.21 ± 0.39^abcd

500

0.00 ± 0.00^c

64.47 ± 0.55^a

83.72 ± 0.35^abc

1000

0.00 ± 0.00^c

71.29 ± 0.93^a

91.63 ± 0.25^ab

CSAEM

250

0.00 ± 0.00^bc

58.82 ± 0.59^a

57.21 ± 0.15^ab

500

0.00 ± 0.00^abc

64.00 ± 1.11^a

67.44 ± 0.47^ab

1000

18.00 ± 0.45^a

79.06 ± 0.50^a

90.7 ± 0.25^bcd

Pendimethalin

100.00 ± 0.00

100.00 ± 0.00

100.00 ± 0.00