Table 1 Summary of the variables used in this study (and by the proposed model) together with their sources.

Wildfire data

Lightning resulted in ignition (target feature)

Burned

v

³¹

Total burned in fire

Total_burned

x

Area burned in first day of fire

First_day_burned

x

Fire duration

Duration

x

Thunder data

Thunderhours

Thunderhours

x

³⁰

Vegetation, meteorological, and anthropogenic factors

Relative humidity

RH

v

³²

Temperature

t

v

Precipitation

Prec

v

Days since last precipitation

Days_since_prec

v

Monthly precipitation

Monthly_prec

v

Wind velocity

v_total

v

Wind direction

v_direction

v

Low vegetation cover

Low_veg

v

High vegetation cover

High_veg

v

Normalized Difference Vegetation Index

NDVI

v

³³

Soil moisture

sm

v

³²

Vegetation water content (skin reservoir)

Water

v

³²

Population density

Pop

v

³⁴

Historical fire data

Mean burned area in years 2003–2013

Historical_fires

v

³⁵

Fire weather indices

Fire weather index

fwi

v

³²

Buildup index

bui

v

Drought code

drought

v

Duff moisture code

duff

v

Fine fuel moisture code

ffmc

v

Initial spread index

isi

v

Spatiotemporal data

Latitude

lat

v

–

Longitude

lon

v

–

Month

Month

v

–