Table 3 Yield attributes of wheat under different levels of phosphorus in conjunction with nano DAP application.

Treatment	Spike length (cm)		Grains spike⁻¹		Grain weight (g) spike⁻¹		1000-grain weight (g)
Treatment	2022–23	2023–24	2022–23	2023–24	2022–23	2023–24	2022–23	2023–24
P₀	8.0^c	8.1^g	43^c	44^e	1.84^d	1.81^e	38.1^e	38.6^c
P₅₀	8.1^c	8.2^fg	48^b	48^d	1.90^c	1.84^de	39.5^d	39.6^bc
P₅₀ + Nano_2.5 ml L⁻¹	8.5^bc	8.4^efg	49^b	49^cd	1.93^bc	1.85^d	40.2^bc	40^abc
P₅₀ + Nano₅ ml L⁻¹	8.7^abc	8.5^def	50^ab	50^bcd	1.95^b	1.87^cd	40.5^ab	40.3^ab
P₇₅	8.5^bc	8.5^def	48^b	48^d	1.91^c	1.84^de	40.1^bc	40.1^ab
P₇₅ + Nano_2.5 ml L⁻¹	8.7^abc	8.7^cde	49^b	51^abcd	1.93^bc	1.87^cd	40.5^ab	40.8^ab
P₇₅ + Nano₅ ml L⁻¹	9.0^ab	8.8^bcd	50^ab	52^abc	1.95^b	1.89^bc	40.7^a	41.0^ab
P₁₀₀	9.1^ab	8.9^abc	49^b	52^abc	1.93^bc	1.89^bc	39.8^cd	41.1^ab
P₁₀₀ + Nano_2.5 ml L⁻¹	9.3^ab	9.1^ab	50^ab	53^ab	1.95^b	1.92^ab	40.3^b	41.3^a
P₁₀₀ + Nano₅ ml L⁻¹	9.5^a	9.2^b	52^a	54^a	2.15^a	1.94^a	40.8^a	41.5^a
LSD (p = 0.05)	0.84	0.31	2.85	2.86	0.04	0.03	0.43	1.35

Values represent means from three replicates. Mean values followed by different letters are significantly different at p = 0.05 using Tukey’s honestly significant difference test.

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