Fig. 8

Comparison of the regional composite chronology with historical precipitation records and climate reconstructions. (A) Standard composite chronology (black line) smoothed with a 20-years Gaussian filter (red line), alongside historically identified dry years (yellow bars) and wet years (blue bars), according to Ortlieb98, Steiger et al.103, Vicuña Mackenna 104, Taulis106, Camus & Jaksic107, “El Diario Austral de Temuco” newspaper108, Carvallo Goyeneche109. Comparison of the composite chronology with: (B) precipitation from the CRU TS4.08 dataset (1901–2020) (blue line) and the precipitation reconstruction for Northern Patagonia (1740–1988) (magenta line) by Villalba et al.92; (C) Maule River streamflow reconstruction (green line) from Urrutia et al.93. In both panels, significant correlation values (r (p < 0.05)) are shown for three different periods.