Fig. 2

Effects of hormonal treatment on the expression of the genes Usp, EcR, Kr-h1, Chd64, InR-2, ftz-f1, and the miRNAs miR-34 and miR-281 in Apis mellifera workers. (A) Gene expression in brown-eyed pupae (Pb) treated with 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E). (B) Gene expression in white-eyed pupae (Pw) treated with Juvenile Hormone III (JH III). We used 3 µg of each hormone, JH III and 20E, for the treatment of Pw and Pb pupae respectively. The pupae were sampled at 1, 1.5 and 24 h after treatment. Bars show means + -SEM (n = 5, samples processed individually). T-test: * < 0.05; ** < 0.01.