Fig. 2

The plots illustrate the comparisons of five brain volume metrics: LVF, cGMF, WMF, BGF, and TLF in all patients of the cohort (a through e) and in patients > 60 years old (f through j) with and without postoperative delirium. Each plot highlights the differences in mean and median values between the two groups, showing higher ventricular expansion in all patients and those > 60 years old. Abbreviations: LVF, lateral ventricular fraction; cGMF, cortical gray matter fraction; WMF, white matter fraction; BGF, basal ganglia fraction; TLF, thalamus fraction.