Fig. 6 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 6

From: Sustainable production of osteoinductive Co2+, Mg2+ and Mn2+ -substituted apatites particles by one-pot conversion of biogenic calcium carbonate

Fig. 6

Relative-fold expression of marker genes in m17.ASC (a) and mOBPs (b). Histograms showing mRNA levels of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), type 1 collagen A (COL1A1 and COL1A2), bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein (BGLAP—osteocalcin), secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1—osteopontin) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) genes detected by q-RT-PCR following the treatment of Ap nanoparticles. Gene expression was expressed as fold change relative to untreated cells (CTRL−). Data are expressed as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments using one-way ANOVA with the Dunnet’s comparison post-test versus CTRL−. (*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001).

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