Table 5 Simulated estimations of Bias, Mean Squared Error (MSE), and Mean Relative Error (MRE) for \(\gamma _{1}=2.0,~\gamma _{2}=3.0\).

From: Introducing novel arc cosine-\(\Psi\) class of distribution with theory and data evaluation related to coronavirus

n

Est.

Est.Par.

\(M_1\)

\(M_2\)

\(M_3\)

\(M_4\)

\(M_5\)

\(M_6\)

50

BIAS

\(\gamma _{1}\)

\(0.230928^{\{ 2\}}\)

\(0.234645^{\{ 4\}}\)

\(0.247321^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(0.229099^{\{ 1\}}\)

\(0.252045^{\{ 6\}}\)

\(0.231302^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(\gamma _{2}\)

\(0.289417^{\{ 2 \}}\)

\(0.282640^{\{ 1\}}\)

\(0.352821^{\{ 6\}}\)

\(0.310913^{\{ 4 \}}\)

\(0.337261^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(0.306237^{\{ 3\}}\)

MSE

\(\gamma _{1}\)

\(0.086902^{\{ 3 \}}\)

\(0.088558^{\{ 4\}}\)

\(0.098639^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(0.082574^{\{ 1\}}\)

\(0.103528^{\{ 6\}}\)

\(0.084082^{\{ 2\}}\)

\(\gamma _{2}\)

\(0.136893^{\{ 2\}}\)

\(0.136630^{\{ 1\}}\)

\(0.206084^{\{ 6\}}\)

\(0.144337^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(0.180385^{\{ 5 \}}\)

\(0.148247^{\{ 4\}}\)

MRE

\(\gamma _{1}\)

\(0.115464^{\{ 2\}}\)

\(0.117323^{\{ 4\}}\)

\(0.123661 ^{\{ 5 \}}\)

\(0.114549^{\{ 1 \}}\)

\(0.126022^{\{ 6\}}\)

\(0.115651^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(\gamma _{2}\)

\(0.096472^{\{ 2\}}\)

\(0.094213^{\{ 1\}}\)

\(0.117607^{\{ 6\}}\)

\(0.103638^{\{ 4 \}}\)

\(0.112420^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(0.102079^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(\sum Ranks\)

 

\(13^{\{ 1\}}\)

\(15^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(33^{\{ 5.5\}}\)

\(14^{\{ 2 \}}\)

\(33^{\{ 5.5\}}\)

\(18^{\{ 4\}}\)

100

BIAS

\(\gamma _{1}\)

\(0.169685^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(0.158887^{\{ 1\}}\)

\(0.180695^{\{ 6\}}\)

\(0.160702^{\{ 2\}}\)

\(0.176395^{\{ 4\}}\)

\(0.178196^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(\gamma _{2}\)

\(0.180370^{\{ 1 \}}\)

\(0.215468^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(0.244161^{\{ 6\}}\)

\(0.180655^{\{ 2\}}\)

\(0.231288^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(0.218165^{\{ 4\}}\)

MSE

\(\gamma _{1}\)

\(0.044601^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(0.042435^{\{ 2\}}\)

\(0.053684^{\{ 6\}}\)

\(0.042285^{\{ 1 \}}\)

\(0.049978^{\{ 4\}}\)

\(0.050704^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(\gamma _{2}\)

\(0.052093^{\{ 2\}}\)

\(0.072910^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(0.103650^{\{ 6\}}\)

\(0.051139^{\{ 1\}}\)

\(0.082185^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(0.075798^{\{ 4\}}\)

MRE

\(\gamma _{1}\)

\(0.084843^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(0.079443^{\{ 1\}}\)

\(0.090347^{\{ 6\}}\)

\(0.080351^{\{ 2\}}\)

\(0.088198^{\{ 4\}}\)

\(0.089098^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(\gamma _{2}\)

\(0.060123^{\{ 1\}}\)

\(0.071823^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(0.081387^{\{ 6\}}\)

\(0.060218^{\{ 2\}}\)

\(0.077096^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(0.072722^{\{ 4\}}\)

\(\sum Ranks\)

 

\(13^{\{ 2.5\}}\)

\(13^{\{ 2.5 \}}\)

\(36^{\{ 6 \}}\)

\(10^{\{ 1 \}}\)

\(27^{\{ 4.5 \}}\)

\(27^{\{ 4.5\}}\)

250

BIAS

\(\gamma _{1}\)

\(0.108062^{\{ 4 \}}\)

\(0.114106^{\{ 6 \}}\)

\(0.106762^{\{ 2 \}}\)

\(0.104958^{\{ 1\}}\)

\(0.110339^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(0.106781^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(\gamma _{2}\)

\(0.122374^{\{ 1\}}\)

\(0.125788^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(0.153247^{\{ 6 \}}\)

\(0.122483^{\{ 2\}}\)

\(0.140219^{\{ 5 \}}\)

\(0.128473^{\{ 4\}}\)

MSE

\(\gamma _{1}\)

\(0.018023^{\{ 2\}}\)

\(0.019974^{\{ 6\}}\)

\(0.018292^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(0.017245^{\{ 1\}}\)

\(0.019926^{\{ 5 \}}\)

\(0.018706^{\{ 4\}}\)

\(\gamma _{2}\)

\(0.023231^{\{ 2\}}\)

\(0.024978^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(0.037406^{\{ 6\}}\)

\(0.022719^{\{ 1\}}\)

\(0.032791^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(0.026610^{\{ 4\}}\)

MRE

\(\gamma _{1}\)

\(0.054031^{\{ 4\}}\)

\(0.057053^{\{ 6\}}\)

\(0.053381^{\{ 2 \}}\)

\(0.052479^{\{ 1\}}\)

\(0.055170^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(0.053390^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(\gamma _{2}\)

\(0.040791^{\{ 1 \}}\)

\(0.041929^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(0.051082^{\{ 6\}}\)

\(0.040828^{\{ 2 \}}\)

\(0.046740^{\{ 5 \}}\)

\(0.042824^{\{ 4\}}\)

\(\sum Ranks\)

 

\(14^{\{ 2\}}\)

\(27^{\{ 5 \}}\)

\(25^{\{ 4 \}}\)

\(8^{\{ 1 \}}\)

\(30^{\{ 6 \}}\)

\(22^{\{ 3 \}}\)

350

BIAS

\(\gamma _{1}\)

\(0.090942^{\{ 4\}}\)

\(0.091396^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(0.086886^{\{ 1\}}\)

\(0.087569^{\{ 2 \}}\)

\(0.091495^{\{ 6 \}}\)

\(0.090590^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(\gamma _{2}\)

\(0.112887^{\{ 2\}}\)

\(0.120108^{\{ 4\}}\)

\(0.121644^{\{ 6\}}\)

\(0.105371^{\{ 1\}}\)

\(0.120591^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(0.117723^{\{ 3\}}\)

MSE

\(\gamma _{1}\)

\(0.015190^{\{ 6\}}\)

\(0.012995^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(0.011850^{\{ 1 \}}\)

\(0.012033^{\{ 2 \}}\)

\(0.012927^{\{ 4\}}\)

\(0.012774^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(\gamma _{2}\)

\(0.024789^{\{ 6\}}\)

\(0.022187^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(0.023382^{\{ 4 \}}\)

\(0.017213^{\{ 1 \}}\)

\(0.023564^{\{ 5 \}}\)

\(0.020724^{\{2 \}}\)

MRE

\(\gamma _{1}\)

\(0.045471^{\{ 4\}}\)

\(0.045698^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(0.043443^{\{ 1\}}\)

\(0.043785^{\{ 2\}}\)

\(0.045747^{\{ 6\}}\)

\(0.045295^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(\gamma _{2}\)

\(0.037629^{\{ 2\}}\)

\(0.040036^{\{ 4 \}}\)

\(0.040548^{\{ 6 \}}\)

\(0.035124^{\{ 1\}}\)

\(0.040197^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(0.039241^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(\sum Ranks\)

 

\(24^{\{ 4\}}\)

\(26^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(19^{\{ 3 \}}\)

\(9^{\{ 1 \}}\)

\(31^{\{ 6 \}}\)

\(17^{\{ 2 \}}\)

400

BIAS

\(\gamma _{1}\)

\(0.087201^{\{ 6\}}\)

\(0.081290^{\{ 2\}}\)

\(0.086522^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(0.077015^{\{ 1\}}\)

\(0.086365^{\{ 4 \}}\)

\(0.085863^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(\gamma _{2}\)

\(0.111927^{\{ 4\}}\)

\(0.103777^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(0.115053^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(0.096729^{\{ 1 \}}\)

\(0.115590^{\{ 6 \}}\)

\(0.101615^{\{ 2\}}\)

MSE

\(\gamma _{1}\)

\(0.013335^{\{ 6\}}\)

\(0.010690^{\{ 2\}}\)

\(0.011360^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(0.009199^{\{ 1\}}\)

\(0.011993^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(0.011401^{\{ 4\}}\)

\(\gamma _{2}\)

\(0.028492^{\{ 6\}}\)

\(0.017162^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(0.021500^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(0.015096^{\{ 1\}}\)

\(0.020853^{\{ 4\}}\)

\(0.016740^{\{ 2\}}\)

MRE

\(\gamma _{1}\)

\(0.043600^{\{ 6\}}\)

\(0.040645^{\{ 2\}}\)

\(0.043261^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(0.038508^{\{ 1\}}\)

\(0.043183^{\{ 4\}}\)

\(0.042931^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(\gamma _{2}\)

\(0.037309^{\{ 4\}}\)

\(0.034592^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(0.038351^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(0.032243^{\{ 1\}}\)

\(0.038530^{\{ 6\}}\)

\(0.033872^{\{ 2\}}\)

\(\sum Ranks\)

 

\(32^{\{ 6 \}}\)

\(15^{\{ 2 \}}\)

\(28^{\{ 4 \}}\)

\(6^{\{ 1\}}\)

\(29^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(16^{\{ 3\}}\)

450

BIAS

\(\gamma _{1}\)

\(0.081370^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(0.080797^{\{ 4 \}}\)

\(0.078583^{\{ 2\}}\)

\(0.080534^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(0.082487^{\{ 6\}}\)

\(0.076552^{\{ 1\}}\)

\(\gamma _{2}\)

\(0.097757^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(0.095652^{\{ 2 \}}\)

\(0.101122^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(0.094022^{\{ 1 \}}\)

\(0.118376^{\{ 6 \}}\)

\(0.100267^{\{ 4\}}\)

MSE

\(\gamma _{1}\)

\(0.011836^{\{ 6\}}\)

\(0.010042^{\{ 4\}}\)

\(0.009881^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(0.009828^{\{ 2\}}\)

\(0.010897^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(0.009319^{\{ 1\}}\)

\(\gamma _{2}\)

\(0.017388^{\{ 4\}}\)

\(0.014305^{\{ 2\}}\)

\(0.017393^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(0.013602^{\{ 1\}}\)

\(0.022223^{\{ 6\}}\)

\(0.015303^{\{ 3\}}\)

MRE

\(\gamma _{1}\)

\(0.040685^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(0.040399^{\{ 4\}}\)

\(0.039292^{\{ 2\}}\)

\(0.040267^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(0.041243^{\{ 6\}}\)

\(0.038276^{\{1 \}}\)

\(\gamma _{2}\)

\(0.032586^{\{ 3\}}\)

\(0.031884^{\{ 2\}}\)

\(0.033707^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(0.031341^{\{ 1 \}}\)

\(0.039459^{\{ 6 \}}\)

\(0.033422^{\{ 4\}}\)

\(\sum Ranks\)

 

\(26^{\{ 5\}}\)

\(18^{\{ 3 \}}\)

\(22^{\{ 4\}}\)

\(11^{\{ 1\}}\)

\(35^{\{ 6 \}}\)

\(14^{\{ 2\}}\)