Table 2 Statistical analysis of the average relative abundance of nine ARGs in different locations, seasons and haze levels.

Variation	ARGs, season, location and haze level	Average relative abundance of 9 ARGs (ARGs/16s rRNA)	Statistical value	P
Season	Autumn ^a	0.0028	F = 7.30	0.001
	Winter ^a	0.0098
	Spring ^a	0.0161
	Summer ^a	0.0098
Heating season	LNV	0.0213	F = 0.77	0.46
	UHI	0.028
	HV	0.014
Non-heating season	LNV	0.0135	F = 1.27	0.29
	UHI	0.0083
	HV	0.0083
Heating vs. non-heating season	UHI	0.0213	t = 2.06	0.04
	UHI	0.0135	t = 2.06	0.04
	LNV	0.028	t = 0.02	0.99
	LNV	0.0083	t = 0.02	0.99
	HV	0.014	t = 1.07	0.29
	HV	0.0083	t = 1.07	0.29
Haze level	Non-haze day†^b	0.0142	t = 0.80	0.42
Haze level	Haze day†^b	0.0097	t = 0.80	0.42

ARGs: antimicrobial-resistance genes; a: the average relative abundance of eight ARGs detected in the playground; b: the average relative abundance of nine ARGs detected in the playground. †Non-haze day: < 75 µg/m³; Haze day: PM_2.5 ≥ 75 µg/m³, bold: the difference has statistical significance. UHI: urban heat island, HV: high vegetation coverage (garden), LNV: Low or no vegetation (playground).

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