Table 1 Changes in gait quality measurements before gait exercise (Pre) and after gait exercise sessions (Post). Mean ± SD; *p-value < 0.05, **p-value < 0.01 for paired t-test comparisons between Pre and Post conditions.

From: Ultra-lightweight robotic hip exoskeleton with anti-phase torque symmetry for enhanced walking efficiency

 

Pre

Post

Post-Pre

p-value

10MWT (m/s)

1.18 ± 0.16

1.34 ± 0.14

0.17 ± 0.09**

0.0004

6MWT (m/s)

1.24 ± 0.11

1.36 ± 0.07

0.13 ± 0.07**

0.001

TUG (s)

11.73 ± 2.84

8.60 ± 1.13

– 3.13 ± 2.04**

0.002

FSST (s)

14.32 ± 3.90

11.35 ± 2.41

– 2.96 ± 1.60**

0.001

5xSTS (s)

15.32 ± 4.41

11.20 ± 4.27

– 4.11 ± 5.08*

0.041

FRT (cm)

22.8 ± 7.47

28.0 ± 5.50

5.17 ± 6.75

0.051

SPPB (score)

9.78 ± 1.86

11.33 ± 1.12

1.56 ± 1.24**

0.005

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