Fig. 3 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 3

From: Dose-dependent dual effects of HDAC inhibitors on glial inflammatory response

Fig. 3

Effect of prolonged exposure to TSA on cytokines release in LPS-stimulated macrophages. (A) Experimental design for prolonged TSA exposure. (B) Primary cultures of alveolar macrophages were treated with 10 ng/ml LPS in the absence or presence of increasing concentrations of TSA (0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 nM) for 24 h. Levels of TNF -α (i), IL -1β (ii) and IL-10 (iii) were measured by biological assay or ELISA. The results are expressed as a percentage of LPS. Data are mean ± SEM of two independent experiments in triplicate. Statistical analysis was performed with one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 for LPS + TSA vs LPS.

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