Table 13 Counterfactual explanations for process improvement.

From: Adaptive optimization of natural coagulants using hybrid machine learning approach for sustainable water treatment

Sample ID

Initial condition

Counterfactual suggestion

Initial efficiency (%)

Optimized efficiency (%)

001

Jet Velocity = 1.5 m/s, pH = 7.0

Increase Jet Velocity to 1.8 m/s

85

92

002

Mixing timestamp = 35 min, Coagulant Dosage = 40 mg/L

Increase Mixing timestamp to 40 min, Increase Dosage to 50 mg/L

88

95

003

Jet Velocity = 1.2 m/s, pH = 6.8

Adjust pH to 7.2

80

89

004

Coagulant Dosage = 55 mg/L, Turbidity = 120 NTU

Increase Coagulant Dosage to 60 mg/L

88

94

Back to article page