Fig. 4

Tract-based spatial statics analysis: A group comparison of diffusion tensor imaging scalars between patients having amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with and without the split-hand phenomenon. Group comparisons adjusted for age, sex, and disease duration between patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) with and without the split-hand phenomenon were performed using tract-based spatial statistical analysis. Patients having ALS with bilateral split-hand phenomenon showed reduced axial diffusivity in the left posterior limb of the internal capsule (PLIC) and cerebral peduncle (CP) compared with those without the split-hand phenomenon (p_{FWE−corrected}<0.05). ALS with bilateral split-hand phenomenon reduced the mode of anisotropy value in the bilateral PLIC, CP, anterior limb of the internal capsule, anterior and superior corona radiata, superior cerebellar peduncle, left middle cerebellar peduncle, and body of the corpus callosum (p_{FWE−corrected}<0.05). Abbreviation: ALS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; TFCE, Threshold-Free Cluster Enhancement; FWE, the familywise error; AD, axial diffusivity; MO, the mode of anisotropy; CP, cerebral peduncle; PLIC, posterior limb of internal capsule; MCbP, middle cerebellar peduncle; SCbP, superior cerebellar peduncle; BCC, body of corpus callosum; SCR, superior corona radiata; ACR, anterior corona radiata; ALIC, anterior limb of internal capsule.