Fig. 4 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 4

From: Integrative bioinformatics and machine learning identify key crosstalk genes and immune interactions in head and neck cancer and Hodgkin lymphoma

Fig. 4

Integrated analysis of biomarkers and development of a predictive model for HNSCC. This figure presents a comprehensive analysis of three key hub genes: (a) IL6, (b) CXCL13, and (c) PLAU. The left panels display K–M survival curves from the HNSCC dataset, providing insights into the relationship between gene expression levels and patient survival outcomes. In the middle panels, representative IHC images from HPA compare protein expression between normal tissues (left) and HNSCC tissues (right). The right panels highlight the differential expression of these genes by comparing HNSCC and normal tissues using data from the GTEx project. Additionally, a nomogram is constructed based on the three hub genes in panel (d), where each gene is assigned a score to predict the risk of developing HNSCC, especially in populations with HL. The model’s diagnostic performance is further validated using a ROC curve in panel (e), illustrating the model’s effectiveness in distinguishing between HNSCC cases and controls.

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