Fig. 2

Sulfate-sulfide chimney at Kolumbo. (A) Cross cut and µXRF element map of the chimney showing the mineralogical transition from a sulfate-dominated OSL (Ba-rich) to a sulfide-dominated ISC (Fe-rich); (B) paragenetic sequence of the sulfate-sulfide chimney; (C) Reflected light, BSE-image and XRF element map of the ISC to IVW transition, showing growth zones of galena within pyrite; (D) EDX elemental line scan on the ISC to IVW transition from colloform pyrite with galena growth zones (ISC) to galena (IVW). For each element, the signal is smoothed using the adjacent averaging method; the raw signal is displayed in light grey.