Fig. 4

Summary of adhesion performance of pollen grains for all species and categories, showing the percentage of detached grains per round, which represent the distribution of measured adhesion safety factors (SF) in % for each category. (A) “Fresh” pollen. (B) “Aged” pollen. (C) Pollen “in contact”. Corresponding safety factors are listed in Table 1. “Total” values represent the number of grains per category and species tested as mean and standard deviation, while “n” shows the number of replications.