Table 2 Summary of the main components of the proposed hybrid cloud framework and their roles.

From: Enhancing patient admission efficiency through a hybrid cloud framework for medical record sharing

Component

Primary role in the framework

Hospital Information System (HIS)

Manages local EMRs, supports patient registration, clinical documentation, and synchronization with the private cloud.

Private cloud

Securely stores and manages hospital EMRs, coordinates communication with other clouds, and integrates biometric and IoT data.

Community cloud

Maintains patient metadata and indexing information to identify hospitals holding relevant EMRs without storing clinical data.

Government cloud

Provides verified demographic data and supports automated EMR creation using fingerprint-based identification.

Fingerprint authentication

Enables secure and accurate patient identification during admission using privacy-preserving biometric hashing.

IoT wearable bracelet

Collects and transmits real-time vital signs to support pre-consultation clinical preparation and monitoring.