Table 4 Quality of hiding and secret recovery at various BPP values Using Secret Image Size 64*64. Entries show mean±std [margin] for \(\hbox {PSNR}_{c\rightarrow s}\), \(\hbox {SSIM}_{c\rightarrow s}\), \(\hbox {MSE}_{c\rightarrow s}\), \(\hbox {IF}_{c\rightarrow s}\), as well as \(\hbox {PSNR}_{{sec}}\), \(\hbox {SSIM}_{{sec}}\), and \(\hbox {BPP}_{{used}}\) over N=30 images.

From: Optimization-driven steganographic system based on fused maps and blowfish encryption

BPP

N

\(\hbox {PSNR}_{c\rightarrow s}\)

\(\hbox {SSIM}_{c\rightarrow s}\)

\(\hbox {MSE}_{c\rightarrow s}\)

\(\hbox {IF}_{c\rightarrow s}\)

\(\hbox {PSNR}_{{sec}}\)

\(\hbox {SSIM}_{{sec}}\)

\(\hbox {BPP}_{{used}}\)

0.1

30

61.39±0.01 [0.00]

1.000±0.000 [0.000]

0.0472±0.0001 [0.0001]

1.0000±0.0000 [0.0000]

inf±nan [nan]

1.000±0.000 [0.000]

0.096±0.000

0.2

30

58.28±0.01 [0.00]

1.000±0.000 [0.000]

0.0966±0.0002 [0.0001]

1.0000±0.0000 [0.0000]

inf±nan [nan]

1.000±0.000 [0.000]

0.196±0.000

0.4

30

55.35±0.00 [0.00]

0.999±0.000 [0.000]

0.1898±0.0002 [0.0001]

1.0000±0.0000 [0.0000]

inf±nan [nan]

1.000±0.000 [0.000]

0.383±0.000

1.0

30

51.21±0.00 [0.00]

0.997±0.001 [0.001]

0.4917±0.0004 [0.0002]

0.9999±0.0000 [0.0000]

inf±nan [nan]

1.000±0.000 [0.000]

0.989±0.000