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Clinical superiority of belly-tendon montage over others for recording air-conducted ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential
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  • Published: 07 February 2026

Clinical superiority of belly-tendon montage over others for recording air-conducted ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential

  • Rajesh Kumar Raveendran  ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-2470-36891 &
  • Niraj Kumar Singh  ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-6342-76831 

Scientific Reports , Article number:  (2026) Cite this article

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We are providing an unedited version of this manuscript to give early access to its findings. Before final publication, the manuscript will undergo further editing. Please note there may be errors present which affect the content, and all legal disclaimers apply.

Subjects

  • Biological techniques
  • Medical research
  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience

Abstract

Ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (oVEMP) using the belly-tendon (BT) electrode montage have well-documented superiority over other montages in healthy adults. However, little is known about its clinical superiority, especially in disorders with rock-bottom response rates, like Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorders (ANSD). Therefore, this study aimed to compare the response parameters of oVEMP to 500 Hz tone bursts from BT, infra-orbital (IO), chin-referenced (CR), and sternum-referenced (SR) electrode montages, between 30 adults with ANSD and 30 age-matched controls. Similar to the well-documented superior response characteristics in healthy adults, the BT montage showed superior response characteristics in ANSD, too. Additionally, the BT montage showed better inter-group discriminability than the IO montage. With a higher response rate, larger peak-to-peak amplitude, and better potency in discriminating a pathological condition from the controls, BT montage affirms clinical superiority over the other electrode montages for recording oVEMPs.

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Data availability

The datasets generated and/or analysed during the current study are part of the doctoral thesis of the first author and have been deposited in the institutional repository in accordance with the institute’s research policy. Therefore, the datasets are not publicly available due to confidentiality requirements. However, the data can be obtained from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the University of Mysore, the Director, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, and the HOD Audiology, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysuru, for providing the necessary infrastructure and permission to carry out this research work. The authors also express their gratitude to all participants of the study who unconditionally agreed to participate and extended their cooperation throughout this study. The authors would also like to thank the members of the Doctoral Committee for their support and guidance.

Funding

The manuscript is a part of the first author’s doctoral thesis.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Audiology, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, Manasagangothri, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570006, India

    Rajesh Kumar Raveendran & Niraj Kumar Singh

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  1. Rajesh Kumar Raveendran
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  2. Niraj Kumar Singh
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Contributions

RKR contributed to the study design, data acquisition, statistical analysis, result interpretation, and prepared the original draft. NKS contributed to the study design, interpretation of the results, supervised the study, and revised the manuscript for important intellectual content. Both authors reviewed and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Niraj Kumar Singh.

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Raveendran, R.K., Singh, N.K. Clinical superiority of belly-tendon montage over others for recording air-conducted ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential. Sci Rep (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-35914-7

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  • Received: 15 September 2025

  • Accepted: 08 January 2026

  • Published: 07 February 2026

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-35914-7

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