Fig. 2

Cellular and network response to tACS. Top panel: Waveforms of 10 Hz tACS at 0 mA, 1 mA, and 2 mA from 7500 to 8000 ms. Middle panel: Raster plot of neuron spiking activity across Layer 1 to Layer 6 in response to tACS. Each line represents a single simulation trial from 7500 to 8000 ms. Each tACS condition was simulated 20 times with varying Poisson inputs to account for ongoing spiking activity. Bottom panel: Average raw LFP signals across 20 simulations from 7500 to 8000 ms. The plot below shows filtered LFP signals where the black trace represents the averaged filtered LFP across 20 simulations. Signals were processed using a 2nd order Butterworth bandpass filter with 9 and 11 Hz cutoff frequencies. The filtered LFP signals at 0 mA, 1 mA, and 2 mA were set to the same arbitrary unit scale. Light red, green, and blue traces denote a single filtered LFP in a single simulation trial, with one neuron selected per layer.