Table 2 Seasonal number of bear damages per crop, in the period 2009–2023.

From: Patterns of brown bear damages to agro-livestock activities in North-Eastern Italy across 15 years

Seasons

Crop category

Crop type

n

%

Spring/Summer

Vineyard

Grape

117

24.4

Orchard

Apple

37

7.7

Apricot

10

2.1

Cherry

189

39.5

Chestnut

0

0.0

Medlar

1

0.2

Nut

3

0.6

Peach

15

3.1

Pear

9

1.9

Plum

54

11.3

Strawberry

1

0.2

Cropland

Chicory

0

0.0

Hay

16

3.3

Maize

25

5.2

Olive grove

Olive

2

0.4

Total

479

100

Autumn/Winter

Vineyard

Grape

37

26.2

Orchard

Apple

40

28.4

Apricot

0

0.0

Cherry

2

1.4

Chestnut

1

0.7

Medlar

1

0.7

Nut

1

0.7

Peach

1

0.7

Pear

5

3.5

Plum

1

0.7

Strawberry

0

0.0

Cropland

Chicory

1

0.7

Hay

20

14.2

Maize

31

22.0

Olive grove

Olive

0

0.0

Total

141

100

  1. Crop category was defined based on habitat re-classification obtained from the 2018 CLC shapefile.