Table 1 Inferred spatiotemporal boundaries of dispersals in South America.

From: Resolution and the detection of cultural dispersals: development and application of spatiotemporal methods in Lowland South America

Dispersal

Period

Origin

Spatial domain

References

Palaeoindian colonisation

Starting before 14,000 cal BP

Panama isthmus

Entire continent

Meltzer, 2009; Rothammer and Dillehay, 2009

Amazonian polychrome ceramics

1500–500 cal BP

Amazon delta

Amazon basin

Brochado, 1989; Almeida, 2015

Tupiguarani tradition

3000–500 cal BP

South-Central Amazon

Amazon & La Plata basins, Atlantic coast

Bonomo et al., 2015; Iriarte et al., 2017a

Arauquinoid series

1400–300 cal BP

Middle Orinoco

Coastal Guianas & Lower Amazon

Oliver, 1989; Rostain, 2013

Koriabo ceramics

1200–500 cal BP

Guiana Shield

Guiana Shield & Lower Amazon

Boomert, 2004; Duin, 2014

Southern proto-Jê culture

2200–500 cal BP

Central Brazil

Southern Brazilian Highlands

Araujo, 2007; Iriarte et al., 2017b

Barrancoid series

2500–1700 cal BP

Lower Orinoco

Orinoco & Amazon rivers

Lathrap, 1970; Boomert, 2000

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