Table 7 Mann–Whitney U test of the pretest between the control group and the experimental group.
Group | Average range | Sum of ranges | U (Sig.) | Z | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Item_1 | Experimental | 22.20 | 510.50 | 234.500 (0.855) | −0.183 | |
Control | 22.83 | 479.50 | ||||
Item_2 | Experimental | 23.00 | 529.00 | 230.000 (0.772) | −0.289 | |
Control | 21.95 | 461.00 | ||||
Item_3 | Experimental | 21.78 | 501.00 | 225.000 (0.678) | −0.415 | |
Control | 23.29 | 489.00 | ||||
Item_4 | Experimental | 23.33 | 536.50 | 222.500 (0.454) | −0.749 | |
Control | 21.60 | 453.50 | ||||
Item_5 | Experimental | 20.02 | 460.50 | 184.500 (0.056) | −1.908 | |
Control | 25.21 | 529.50 | ||||
Item_6 | Experimental | 20.89 | 480.50 | 204.500 (0.343) | −0.948 | |
Control | 24.26 | 509.50 | ||||
Item_7 | Experimental | 23.61 | 543.00 | 216.000 (0.507) | −0.663 | |
Control | 21.29 | 447.00 | ||||
Item_8 | Experimental | 22.24 | 511.50 | 235.500 (0.833) | −0.211 | |
Control | 22.79 | 478.50 | ||||
Item_9 | Experimental | 21.20 | 487.50 | 211.500 (0.442) | −0.769 | |
Control | 23.93 | 502.50 | ||||
Item_10 | Experimental | 19.91 | 458.00 | 182.000 (0.028) | −2.199 | |
Control | 25.33 | 532.00 | ||||
Item_11 | Experimental | 19.85 | 456.50 | 180.500 (0.115) | −1.578 | |
Control | 25.40 | 533.50 | ||||
