Table 1 Conceptual categorisation and examples of different policy types in the context of CC and AMR.

 CC

Subsidies for fuel-efficient vehicles (Sterner and Coria, 2013).

Access to bus lanes for fuel-efficient cars (Langbroek et al., 2016).

Information campaigns highlighting the benefits of CO₂ reduction (Markowitz and Shariff, 2012).

 AMR

Financial rewards for reducing prescriptions of broad-spectrum antibiotics (e.g., Bou-Antoun et al., 2018).

Additional authority and rights for medical prescribers with lower antibiotic prescribing rates.

Information campaigns highlighting the benefits of prudent antibiotic use (e.g., Belongia et al., 2005).

 CC

Climate taxes for the use of fossil-fuel (Sterner and Coria, 2013).

Ban of fossil-fuel cars in urban areas (Gundlach et al., 2018)

Information campaigns shaming CO₂-emissions (Baek and Yoon, 2017).

 AMR

Withdrawal of health funding for healthcare centres with high rates of antibiotic prescribing (e.g., Yip et al., 2014).

Prohibition of “over-the-counter” sales of antibiotics (e.g., Kliemann, Levin, Moura, Boszczowski, and Lewis, 2016).

Information campaigns shaming the overuse of antibiotics.