Table 3 Most frequent six signs of distress.

From: Understanding perceptions of recovery from psychological distress in Sierra Leone through qualitative comparative analysis

Sign of distress

Recovered (n = 75)

Non-recovered (n = 75)

Feeling or looked sad and unhappy; discouraged; felt disappointed

35 (47%)

34 (45%)

Stays indoors or isolates self; disconnects from people, stops going to public gatherings including mosque or church

37 (49%)

24 (32%)

Talking to self and/or inanimate objects (e.g. trees); sings, shouts or laughs to self

28 (37%)

32 (43%)

Appears dirty or untidy (including urinating or defecating on self); may eat dirty food from street or dustbin; picks up dirty things

24 (32%)

33 (44%)

Thoughts of/ attempts suicide (e.g. drinking poison); physically harms self (e.g. pinches skin, pulls hair)

31 (41%)

24 (32%)

Violent or aggressive to people (stoning, fighting, beating wife, taking people’s food); has thoughts of harming or killing others (e.g. wife); destroys things (or wants to)

30 (40%)

18 (24%)