Table 1 Summary of variables.
From: Banking disclosure and banking crises in Africa: does board gender diversity play a role?
Variable | Measurement | Priori expectation | |
|---|---|---|---|
Dependent variables | |||
Banking crisis | Dummy Variable for Banking Crisis (BankCrisis) | BankCrisis = 1, if banks in country j have experienced crisis within a year, 0 otherwise | Expected to change as predictors change |
Independent variables | |||
Board Gender Diversity | Presence of Women on Boards (WoB) | Women on Board = Dummy variable: 1, when a woman is an executive member, and 0 otherwise | Negative/positive |
Number of women on Boards (NumWoB) | Proportion of women to men on the board | ||
Greater proportion of women on Board (sqNumber of Women) | sqNumber of Women = the Square of the ratio of women to men on the board | ||
Bank Information Disclosure | Disclosure Information (BankDisclosure) | BankDisclosure = categorical variable (0–10): level of investor protection through disclosure of ownership and financial information or level of releasing relevant financial information pertaining to a bank (from no disclosure = 0, — to — maximum disclosure = 10). | Negative/positive |
Control variables | |||
Bank specific variables | Competition(LERNER) | Lerner Index (LERNER) = \(\frac{{{\mathrm {Price}} - {\mathrm {MarginalCost}}}}{{{\mathrm {Price}}}}\) | Negative |
Ownership (OWN) | Percentage of board members who hold shares in the bank | Negative | |
Macroeconomic variables | Exchange rate (ExRate) | Annual Exchange rate per year | Positive |
GDP growth (GDPpercapt) | Natural logarithm of GDP per capital | Negative | |
Inflation rate (InFratet) | Inflation rate per year | Positive/Negative | |
