Fig. 1: Adaptation actions and SDG 5 linkages across sectors.

[Note (1) The inner circle is the net score (sum of positive and negative scores) that reflects the strength of the link between adaptation options and the nine SDG 5 targets* within each sector. The higher the score, the stronger the link. The magnitude of net scores is not comparable across sectors, but signs are comparable. (2) The middle circle depicts the four broad categories of adaptive actions. The numbers in parenthesis show the selected number of publications (Supplementary Material 2 and Table 1). Further, the sectors are colour-coded as follows: . (3) The outer circle identifies the total number of individual adaptation options in each adaptive action category (Table 1). The size of the slice in the outer ring shows the relative contribution of the individual option (whether positive or negative). (4) Solid colours denote positive net score; hatching denotes the negative net score; for abbreviations, please see the details in Table 1]. *Briefly, the different targets for all women and girls everywhere are: (for details please see United Nations, 2020). Target 5.1 Ending all forms of discrimination, Target 5.2 Eliminating all forms of violence, Target 5.3 Eliminating all harmful practices, Target 5.4 Recognising unpaid care and domestic work, Target 5.5 Ensuring full and effective participation and equal opportunities for leadership, Target 5.6 Ensuring universal access to sexual and reproductive health, Target 5.a Undertaking reforms to give equal rights to economic resources, Target 5.b Enhancing the use of enabling technology to promote empowerment and Target 5.c Adopting and strengthening sound policies and enforceable legislation for gender equality and empowerment.