Table 4 Significant applied intelligence techniques for smart water systems.
Feature | Smart water |
|---|---|
Time Series Prediction | Hydro-meteorological data / Water bodies / Water supply / Water distribution system (WDS) / Water treatment plant (WTP) / Irrigation system / Water pollution / Water footprint / Watering timing. |
Real-time monitoring | Hydro-meteorological data / Water bodies / Water infrastructure / Water supply / Water monitoring / Watering timing / Water quality / Water flow / Water pressure / Water moisture / Oxygen content / Water pollution / Water footprint / Water loss. |
Natural calamities predictions | Water bodies / Flood / Water infrastructure. |
Planning | Water infrastructure / Water bodies / Water supply / WDS / WTP / Irrigation system / Water footprint / Watering timing. |
Scheduling | Water supply / WDS / WTP / Irrigation system / Watering timing / Pump scheduling. |
Design analysis | Water infrastructure / WDS / WTP / Irrigation system. |
Dynamic modeling | Water infrastructure / WDS / WTP /Irrigation system. |
Quality prediction | Water infrastructure / Water monitoring / WDS / WTP / Irrigation system /Pipeline accidents. |
Quality inspection | Water infrastructure / Water monitoring / WDS / WTP / Irrigation system / Pipeline accidents. |
Signal identification | Water infrastructure / Water monitoring / Water pollution / Water supply / Water bodies / Pipeline accidents / Leakage detection. |
System diagnosis | Water infrastructure / Water monitoring / Water pollution / Water footprint / Water supply / Pipeline accidents / WDS / Leakage detection / Water loss. |
Fault detection | Water infrastructure / Water supply / Water monitoring / WDS / WTP / Irrigation system / Leakage detection / Water loss / Pipeline accidents. |
Failure analysis | Water infrastructure / Water monitoring / WDS / Water supply / WTP / Irrigation system / Water loss / Leakage detection / Pipeline accidents. |
Maintenance analysis | Water infrastructure / Water monitoring / WDS / WTP / Irrigation system / Leakage detection / Water loss / Pipeline accidents. |
Pattern Recognition | Water infrastructure / Water monitoring / Water supply / Water pollution / Water footprint / Water loss / Water contamination / Water scarcity / Leakage detection / Pipeline accidents. |
Image identification | Water bodies / Water infrastructure / Water monitoring / Water pollution / Water loss / Water contamination / Water stress / Leakage detection / Pipeline accidents. |
Anomaly Detection | Water supply / Water infrastructure / Water monitoring / Water pollution / Water footprint / Water loss / Water contamination / non-revenue water losses / Irrigation system / Leakage detection / Pipeline accidents. |
Management | Water bodies / Water supply / Water infrastructure / Water Resources / Water pollution / Water footprint / Water footprint / Water loss / Water monitoring / Irrigation system. |
Target tracking | Water bodies / Water supply / Water monitoring / Water pollution / Water footprint / Water loss. |
Guidance system | Water monitoring / Water supply. |
Routing systems | Water bodies / Water monitoring. |
Value prediction | Water bodies / Water supply / Water pollution / Watering timing / Leakage assessment / Water loss. |
Telecommunications | Hydro-meteorological data / Water bodies / Water infrastructure / Water supply / Water monitoring /Water loss / WDS / Irrigation system / Data exchange between water authorities / Data security / Data reliability / Pipeline accidents. |
