Table 1 The definition and descriptive statistics of variables.
From: Impacts of internet access and use on grain productivity: evidence from Central China
The variable name | Measurement or unit | Mean | SD |
|---|---|---|---|
Grain output | Total value of grain production (yuan/mua) | 1056. 635 | 426.121 |
Labor | Number of family labors (hours/mu) | 30.328 | 44.423 |
Fertilizer | Expenditures on fertilizers (yuan/mu) | 101.148 | 166.329 |
Seeds | Expenditures on seedlings (yuan/mu) | 93.731 | 86.615 |
Pesticide | Expenditures on pesticides (yuan/mu) | 69.142 | 84.142 |
Other inputs | Expenditures on pesticides (yuan/mu) | 152.164 | 122.939 |
Internet access | 1 if the farmer has access to the Internet, 0 otherwise | 0.685 | 0.464 |
Internet use | 1 if the farmer uses the Internet to obtain farming-related information, 0 otherwise | 0.274 | 0.446 |
Preference for ICT products | 1 if the farmer owned a smartphone or computer in 2013 or before, 0 otherwise | 0.249 | 0.433 |
Years of using the Internet | Years of access to the Internet (years) | 2.975 | 3.443 |
Age | Age of household head (years) | 56.350 | 9.561 |
Health | On a scale of 5, 1 = unhealthy and 5 = very healthy | 3.724 | 1.092 |
Village cadre | If the household head is a village cadre, 0 otherwise | 0.271 | 0.445 |
Education | 0 = elementary school and below; 1 = a junior high school; 2 = high school or technical secondary school; 3 = College degree or above | 0.719 | 0.725 |
Household size | Number of members residing in a household(persons) | 4.415 | 2.010 |
Number of land parcels | The number of land parcels reflects the degree of fragmentation of cultivated land | 6.273 | 6.700 |
The proportion of grain crops | The proportion of rice, maize, and wheat acreage to total acreage | 0.841 | 0.238 |
Bus access | 1 if there is a bus to the county in the village, 0 otherwise | 0. 458 | 0. 499 |
Irrigation | 1 if there is a shortage of irrigation water in the village, 0 otherwise | 0.401 | 0.490 |
Henan Province | 1 if the farmer is located in Henan province, 0 otherwise | 0.296 | 0.457 |
Hubei Province | 1 if the farmer is located in Hubei province, 0 otherwise | 0.365 | 0.482 |
Hunan Province | 1 if the farmer is located in Hunan province, 0 otherwise | 0.339 | 0.474 |
