Table 7 Tests of panel regression model conditions—robustness (Earnings→R&D; R&D→HDI).
Variables | Robust Hausman (sig) | Breusch-Pagan (sig) | Model | Robust Hausman (sig) | Breusch-Pagan (sig) | Model |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earnings→R&D | R&D→HDI | |||||
R_FTE_Business_enterprise | 1.92 (0.166) | 3.31 (0.069) | Random | 0.9 (0.343) | 11.41 (<0.001) | Random white |
R_FTE_Government | 0.79 (0.375) | 67.56 (<0.001) | Random White | 0.12 (0.734) | 1.29 (0.257) | Random |
R_FTE_Higher_education | 0.51 (0.474) | 0.74 (0.39) | Random | 0.44 (0.507) | 0.46 (0.499) | Random |
R_FTE_Private_non_profit | 0.69 (0.405) | 6.17 (0.013) | Random White | 0.1 (0.756) | 1.02 (0.312) | Random |
GERD_Business_enterprise | 0.06 (0.8) | 13.87 (<0.001) | Random White | 1.69 (0.194) | 23.3 (<0.001) | Random white |
GERD_Government | 0.78 (0.376) | 177.55 (<0.001) | Random White | 2.56 (0.109) | 6.38 (0.012) | Random white |
GERD_Higher_education | 0.16 (0.689) | 13.15 (<0.001) | Random White | 0.54 (0.463) | 5.73 (0.017) | Random white |
GERD_Private_non_profit | 2.71 (0.1) | 52.22 (<0.001) | Random White | 0.45 (0.501) | 2.81 (0.093) | Random |
