Table 3 The outcome of the CADF and CIPS Unit Root Tests.

From: Climate change and food security in South Asia: the importance of renewable energy and agricultural credit

Variables

CADF

CIPS

Level

1st Difference

Level

1st Difference

FS

−2.213

(0.151)

−4.699

(0.000)***

−3.155

(0.000)***

−5.974

(0.000)***

Climate

−1.063

(0.192)

−5.446

(0.000)***

−2.114

(0.082)*

−5.190

(0.000)***

RE

−1.069

(0.955)

−3.139

(0.001)***

−1.417

(0.358)

−5.224

(0.000)***

AgriC

−1.521

(0.731)

−3.225

(0.000)***

−1.556

(0.457)

−4.723

(0.000)***

Inf

−1.777

(0.503)

−3.832

(0.000)***

−1.773

(0.345)

−4.221

(0.000)***

Pop

−1.258

(0.301)

−2.382

(0.076)*

−1.358

(0.242)

−2.516

(0.381)

  1. ***,* signifies the 1% and 10% levels of significance.
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