Table 2 Peking Gazette information transmitted to the West (Due to space limitations, only a part of each category is displayed).
From: Impact of Western transmission of the Peking Gazette on Late-Qing China’s information security
Categories of information | Subcategories | Themes | Journals or newspapers | Article title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Politics | Governance | Piracy control | The Times (No. 33116, Saturday, Sept. 13, 1890) | Piracy in China |
Governance of Tibet | Sheffield Daily Telegraph (No. 15134, Wednesday, Jan. 13, 1904) | China and the Tibet Expedition | ||
Riots suppression | The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register for British India and its Dependencies (vol. 24, No. 139, Sunday, Jul. 1, 1827, p 98–99) | China | ||
Grassroots guidance | The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register for British India and its Dependencies (vol. 26, No. 104, Aug. 1, Wednesday, 1838, p 223) | China | ||
Reform of administrative institutions | Edinburgh Evening News (No. 10473, Thursday, Nov. 8, 1906, p 3) | The Awakening of China | ||
Royal family | Education of emperor’s sons | The Times (No. 30971, Wednesday, Nov. 7, 1883) | The present emperor of China | |
Demotion of the crown Prince | York Herald (No. 5542, Thursday, Nov. 12, 1874, p 3) | Degradation of Prince Kung | ||
Health of the emperors | The Baptist Magazine (vol. 8, Saturday, Nov. 1, 1845, p 574) | The Emperor | ||
Political system | Official punishment system | Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser (vol.77, No. 13883, Wednesday, May 8, 1901, p 10) | The latest imperial edict | |
Personnel appointment system | Leicester Chronicle (vol.75, No. 3870, Saturday, Apr. 18, 1885, p 3) | France and China | ||
Criminal punishment system | The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register for British India and its Dependencies (vol. 28, No. 164, Saturday, Aug. 1, 1829, p 211) | Chinese legislation | ||
Officials | Li Hongzhang’s illness | Daily Inter Ocean (vol. 18, No. 42, Sunday, May 5, 1889, p 10) | Li Hung Chang’s illness | |
Officials’ real estates | The China Review (vol. 15, No. 1, Jul-Aug, 1886, p 54) | Queries | ||
Social affairs | Public concerns | The death of Confucius | The Times (No. 28876, Tuesday, Feb. 27, 1877) | The heir of Confucius |
Death of the Chinese emperor | Yorkshire Gazette (vol. 43, No. 2196, Saturday, Oct. 19, 1861, p 3) | Births, deaths, marriages and obituaries | ||
Population of China’s provinces | National Intelligencer (vol. 5, No. 1439, Tuesday, Aug. 19, 1817) | The population of China | ||
Earthquake disaster situation | National Intelligencer (vol. 24, No. 7201, Friday, Mar. 11, 1836) | There has been an awful earthquake in China | ||
Shandong famine situation | Raleigh Register (vol. 55, No. 7, Wednesday, Nov. 30, 1853) | Famine in China | ||
Public welfare undertaking | The move of a Chinese philanthropist | The Congregationalist (vol. 36 and 59, No. 24, Thursday, Jun. 12, 1884, p 2) | Chinese benevolence | |
Public emergency early warning | Government response to famine strategies | Western Daily Press (vol. 40, No. 6263, Friday, Jun. 21, 1878, p 3) | The Chinese government and the famine | |
Culture | Ancient traditional customs | Chinese folk stories | Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser (vol. 50, No. 5655, Saturday, Dec. 26, 1874, p 4) | A Chinese love story |
Chinese funeral etiquette | The China Review (vol. 7, No. 5, Mar-Apr, 1879, p 351) | Bidens, mourning etiquette | ||
Chinese feudal superstition | Arkansas Gazette (vol. 61, No. 66, Saturday, May 5, 1894, p 8) | Childish Chinese superstitions | ||
The emperor pray for heaven | The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register for British India and its Dependencies (vol. 21, No. 82, Saturday, Oct. 1, 1836, p 86–87) | Effect of the emperors | ||
Economy | Economic infrastructure | Railway construction in China | Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser (vol.72, No. 12467, Friday, Oct. 23, 1896, p 5) | Railway construction in China |
Actual economic condition | Hong Kong tea price changes | Leed’s Times (vol. 23, No. 1285, Saturday, Oct. 31, 1857, p 6) | China | |
China’s foreign debt | Morning Post (No. 32957, Tuesday, Feb. 12, 1878, p 6) | China | ||
Tax projects in China | The Far-Eastern Review (vol. 11, No.11, Apr. 1915, p 461) | China’s revenue increasing | ||
Military and diplomat | War between China and the West | The Chinese army evacuated | France and China (No. 9912, Monday, Apr. 20, 1885) | Dundee courier |
Border conflict between China and Russia | Cheltenham Chronicle (vol. 36, No. 2471, Tuesday, May 5, 1857) | Collision between the Chinese and Russians | ||
The British army entered Tibet | Exeter and Plymouth Gazette (vol. 131, No. 17633, Tuesday, May 26, 1903, p 7) | British mission to Tibet | ||
Chinese and Western exchanges | Members of the British mission stationed outside China | The Watchman and Wesleyan Advertiser (vol. 13, No. 671, Wednesday, Nov. 10, 1875, p 360) | The Chinese Mission to England | |
Burmese emissaries come to China | The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register for British India and its Dependencies (vol. 19, No. 114, Wednesday, Jun. 1, 1825, p 853–854) | Burmese embassy | ||
The Chinese sent Western emissaries back home | The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register for British India and its Dependencies (vol. 36, No. 142, Friday, Oct. 1, 1841, p 191) | Review of Eastern news | ||
The Chinese government has allowed Westerners to conduct religious activities | The Times (No. 33442, Tuesday, Sept. 29, 1891) | The Chinese Government on Foreign Missionaries | ||
The Qing government exchanged etiquette with Western officials | Bury and Norwich Post (No. 4868, Tuesday, Oct. 12, 1875, p 5) | Great Britain and China |
