Table 2 Summary statistics for demographic and focus variables.

From: Orthodox Islamic institutions and individual income: evidence from Pakistan

 

Observations

Mean

AGE

47,250

24.956

GENDER

47,250

0.479

REGION

47,250

0.277

MINORITY

47,250

0.674

EMPLOY

47,250

0.815

TDI

47,250

0.402

TDII

47,250

0.257

PDI

47,250

0.276

PDII

47,250

0.368

PDIII

47,250

0.271

RELEDU

47,250

0.173

INCOME

47,250

59205.85

  1. AGE represents the average age of the research subjects. GENDER denotes 1 if the respondent is female and 0 otherwise. REGION encapsulates 1 if the respondent is a resident of a rural setting and 0 if vice versa. MINORITY condenses 1 for research subjects from ethnic minority factions and 0 otherwise. EMPLOY represents 1 for all paid employments and business while 0 denotes unpaid family workers. TDI labels 1 as the first-time dummy variable representing the last studied cohort (2019–2020) and 0 otherwise. TDII tags 1 as the second time dummy variable that reflects the second last studied cohort (2014–2015) and 0 for the other two cohorts. PDI denotes 1 as the residents of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province and 0 otherwise. PDII indicates 1 for the residents of the Punjab province and 0 for vice versa. PDIII specifies 1 as the residents of the Sindh province and 0 for the remaining three studied provinces. RELEDU designates 1 to individuals affiliated with an Orthodox Islamic Institution (deeni madrassa) and 0 for otherwise. INCOME denotes the average monthly income of the studied research subjects.
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