Table 2 Descriptions of Groups of American Extraordinary Achievers in this Study.

Fortune 500 CEOs: The Fortune 500 CEOs is an annual list of the heads of the 500 companies that are the largest by total revenue (sales), compiled by Fortune magazine since 1955.

Billion Dollar Startup Club: The Billion Dollar Startup Club is a list of Founders and CEOs of startup companies worth $1 billion or more.

Forbes Billionaires: Each year since 1987, Forbes magazine has compiled a list of people with an estimated total net worth of $1 billion or more.

World’s Most Powerful People. The most powerful men and women in the world according to Forbes magazine.

World’s Most Powerful Women. The most powerful women in the world according to Forbes magazine.

World Economic Forum (Davos) Participants. Individual who attended the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland.

Bilderberg Meeting Participants: Convenes experts from areas such as academia, industry, finance, the media, and political leaders.

New York Times Editors and Writers: Those people that make editorial decisions and write what ends up in this globally influential newspaper.

Wall Street Journal Editors and Writers: Those people that make editorial decisions and write what ends up in this globally influential newspaper.

National Book Awards: These literary awards are given to one book author annually in the categories of fiction, nonfiction, poetry, translation, and young people’s literature.

National Magazine Awards: These awards “honor print and digital publications that consistently demonstrate superior execution of editorial objectives, innovative techniques, noteworthy enterprise and imaginative design.”

New York Times #1 Bestselling Authors: The New York Times #1 Bestselling Authors is a list that includes all authors whose book made it to #1 on the fiction or nonfiction lists at any time from the inception of the list (1931).

Pulitzer Prize Winners: Pulitzer Prizes have been awarded to authors every year since 1917; currently there are 21 categories of awards given for achievements in newspaper, magazine and online journalism, literature, and musical composition.

Nobel Prize Winners: The Nobel Prizes have been awarded every year since 1901; currently there are 6 categories: Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, Peace, and Economic Sciences.

National Academy of Sciences: The National Academy of Sciences was founded in 1863 and election to the academy is one the highest honors in all fields of sciences.

National Academy of Medicine: The National Academy of Medicine was founded in 1970 and election is one of the highest honors in medicine.

National Academy of Engineering: The National Academy of Engineering was founded in 1964 and election is one of the highest honors in engineering.

Fields Medalists: Among the top awards in mathematics and often described as the “Nobel Prize” of math, awarded to mathematicians under the age of 40.

Turing Award Winners: This is an annual prize from the Association for Computing Machinery given for outstanding contributions to computer science and is often recognized as the “Nobel Prize” of computing.

MacArthur Fellows: The MacArthur Fellows Program has awarded prizes annually since 1981 to 20–30 individuals showing “extraordinary originality and dedication in their creative pursuits and a marked capacity for self-direction.”

American Academy of Arts and Letters: A society of the country’s leading architects, artists, composers, and writers.

American Academy of Arts and Sciences: A learned society of leading scholars and others in the classes of mathematical and physical sciences, biological sciences, social and behavioral sciences, arts and humanities, and public affairs, business, and administration.

American Philosophical Society: The American Philosophical Society was founded in 1743 and election to this group is one of the highest honors in the sciences and humanities.

Harvard University Faculty: Harvard University Faculty: This refers to faculty members (professors) from all areas of the university except the medical school.

Presidents and Vice-Presidents: Presidents and Vice Presidents of the U.S.

Senators: Members of the U.S. Senate.

House of Representatives: Members of the U.S. House of Representatives.

Federal Judges: Federal Judges are appointed by the U.S. President and include Supreme Court Justices and all lower-ranking Federal Judges.

Four-Star Generals: Those who have attained the highest rank achievable from the U.S. Army, Marine Corps, or Air Force.

Four-Star Admirals: Those who have attained the highest rank achievable from the U.S. Navy, Coast Guard, or Public Health Service Commissioned Corps.