Table 4 Robustness test II: retest using PSM method.
Variables | Matching method | ATT | T-test value |
|---|---|---|---|
Total consumption expenditure | Nearest neighbor matching | 0.049*** | 4.091 |
Radius matching | 0.042*** | 4.362 | |
Kernel matching | 0.039*** | 3.881 | |
Subsistence consumption expenditure | Nearest neighbor matching | 0.031*** | 3.007 |
Radius matching | 0.029*** | 3.327 | |
Kernel matching | 0.032*** | 3.651 | |
Development consumption expenditure | Nearest neighbor matching | 0.089*** | 4.587 |
Radius matching | 0.081*** | 4.619 | |
Kernel matching | 0.083*** | 4.316 | |
Enjoyment consumption expenditure | Nearest neighbor matching | 0.051 | 1.035 |
Radius matching | 0.043 | 1.112 | |
Kernel matching | 0.046 | 1.273 |
