Table 7 Robustness test V: retest with instrumental variable.

From: Exploring the impact of the new round of farmland certification on rural household consumption: empirical evidence from China

Variables

Total consumption expenditure

Subsistence consumption expenditure

Development consumption expenditure

Enjoyment consumption expenditure

Farmland certification

0.051***

0.039***

0.057***

0.031

(0.008)

(0.011)

(0.009)

(0.042)

Control variables

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Constant term

8.937***

8.062***

8.671***

7.995***

(0.411)

(0.352)

(0.421)

(0.357)

First stage F value

99.882

93.376

98.712

96.054

DWH test

13.098***

14.957***

14.636***

14.835***

N

14,607

14,607

14,607

14,607

  1. *** is significant at 1% level. The values in brackets are robust standard errors.
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