Table 3 Results of second-stage regression primary controls vs. all controls.
From: Immigrants’ consumption choices: evidence from Korea’s food service industry
Independent variables | Numbers of total restaurants | Number of foreign-food restaurants | Numbers of South Korean-food restaurants | Number of drinking and non-alcoholic beverages places | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Primary controls | All controls | Primary controls | All controls | Primary controls | All controls | Primary controls | All controls | |
Number of immigrants | −0.0100 (0.0198) | −0.0121 (0.0197) | −0.00726 (0.0109) | −0.00852 (0.0105) | −0.00278 (0.0131) | −0.00358 (0.0129) | 0.0258*** (0.00789) | 0.0245*** (0.00782) |
LogKorean | 1805*** (181.1) | 1744*** (179.0) | 268.0*** (69.15) | 230.6*** (64.11) | 1537*** (136.2) | 1513*** (133.0) | 535.8*** (64.91) | 494.2*** (64.61) |
LogGRDP | 282.4*** (69.77) | 317.5*** (70.54) | 45.77** (20.03) | 80.61*** (21.57) | 236.7***. (57.37) | 236.9*** (56.12) | 26.06 (25.36) | 54.69** (26.70) |
South Korean female (%) | - | 345.2 (2,158) | - | 4,992*** (745.4) | - | −4,647*** (1,707) | - | 2,373*** (890.3) |
South Korean aged 20–59 (%) | - | 783.6 (698.8) | - | 455.0* (256.9) | - | 328.6 (460.6) | - | 431.2* (257.9) |
College graduate or higher (%) | - | 495.8** (233.2) | - | 205.0*** (71.87) | - | 290.8* (173.9) | - | 283.8*** (91.41) |
Number of panel IDs | 229 | 229 | 229 | 229 | 229 | 229 | 229 | 229 |
Time and panel fixed-effect control | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Observations | 2061 | 2060 | 2061 | 2060 | 2061 | 2060 | 2061 | 2060 |
R2 | 0.510 | 0.508 | 0.306 | 0.356 | 0.524 | 0.525 | 0.579 | 0.589 |
