Table 4 Benchmark results.
From: Does Buddhist belief matter to pesticide application? Evidence from rice farmers in southern China
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Variables | Ln(Pesticide dosage) | Ln(Pesticide dosage) | Ln(Pesticide fee) | Ln(Pesticide fee) |
Buddhist | −0.454*** | −0.723*** | −0.398*** | −0.634*** |
(0.063) | (0.128) | (0.073) | (0.136) | |
Residual | 0.178** | 0.156** | ||
(0.073) | (0.078) | |||
Gender | (0.069) | (0.062) | 0.071 | 0.077 |
(0.048) | (0.050) | (0.052) | (0.051) | |
Age | −0.014*** | −0.014*** | −0.011*** | −0.011** |
(0.004) | (0.004) | (0.004) | (0.004) | |
Schooling | −0.012* | (0.010) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
(0.006) | (0.007) | (0.007) | (0.006) | |
Health | (0.046) | (0.043) | 0.023 | 0.026 |
(0.043) | (0.042) | (0.045) | (0.046) | |
Experience | 0.007*** | 0.007*** | 0.007*** | 0.007*** |
(0.002) | (0.002) | (0.003) | (0.003) | |
Planting training | −0.072* | −0.080* | −0.105*** | −0.111*** |
(0.044) | (0.043) | (0.038) | (0.040) | |
Risk perception | 0.304*** | 0.295*** | 0.098*** | 0.090*** |
(0.031) | (0.031) | (0.030) | (0.030) | |
Ln(Assets) | −0.141*** | −0.139*** | 0.065*** | 0.067*** |
(0.024) | (0.023) | (0.025) | (0.025) | |
Household size | −0.028*** | −0.029*** | 0.018* | 0.017* |
(0.010) | (0.010) | (0.010) | (0.010) | |
Agricultural workforce | −0.105*** | −0.104*** | −0.035* | −0.034* |
(0.024) | (0.025) | (0.021) | (0.020) | |
Membership | 0.048 | 0.057 | (0.017) | (0.009) |
(0.041) | (0.042) | (0.041) | (0.041) | |
Ln(Rice area) | 0.045*** | 0.046*** | −0.069*** | −0.068*** |
(0.014) | (0.015) | (0.015) | (0.015) | |
Year fixed effect | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Region fixed effect | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Constant | 4.961*** | 4.930*** | 6.062*** | 6.035*** |
(0.379) | (0.381) | (0.393) | (0.396) | |
R-squared | 0.145 | 0.146 | 0.091 | 0.092 |
Observations | 3410 | 3410 | 3410 | 3410 |
