Table 1 Relative frequency (in %) of votes per party in the samples of the WoM-2013, WoM-2017, and WoM-2021 compared with the actual voter turnout in the corresponding federal elections.

From: Is issue voting solely based on issues? Latent factors of political ideology in response patterns of voting advice applications

Party

WoM-2013

2013

federal election

WoM-2017

2017

federal election

WoM-2021

2021

federal election

Die Linke- - -

15.1

8.6

15.9

9.2

8.3

4.9

Bündnis 90/Die Grünen- -

19.9

6.4

36.7

8.9

45.0

14.8

SPD-

14.3

25.7

9.0

20.5

9.6

25.7

CDU/CSU+

15.9

41.5

10.9

32.9

11.4

24.1

FDP++

12.7

4.8

8.7

10.7

4.4

11.5

AfD+++

5.1

4.7

3.9

12.6

3.5

10.3

Others

6.2

2.8

6.2

5.0

10.9

3.4

No voter turnout

10.8

 

8.7

 

7.0

 
  1. Excluding missing data. ‘+’ and ‘–’ indicators indicate a more right- vs. left-wing position in Germany’s political spectrum.
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