Fig. 4: An example of the process for toponyms’ extraction from the second study, which investigates the distribution of local toponyms in Italy for given regions.

The script’s output is a csv file and the data become plotted in maps (the rightmost panel is the distribution of number of tokens of toponyms across the regions of Italy, map created with Datawrapper v.1.25.0 Lorenz et al., (2012). Please consult the lists of script/queries used for data extraction in the supplementary files, 'List of Queries A' and 'List of Queries B' files.