Table 3 Augmented Dicky Fuller (ADF) unit root test results.

From: Examining the relationship of inflation, gross domestic product, oil price, foreign direct investment, and trade openness on unemployment in Saudi Arabia

 

Level

First Difference

Variable

With Intercept

With Intercept and Trend

With Intercept

With Intercept and Trend

t-Stat

P-Value

t-Stat

P-Value

t-Stat

P-Value

t-Stat

P-Value

UE

−1.39

0.5756

−1.90

0.6302

−5.56

0.0001

−5.63

0.0004

OPN

−1.93

0.3107

−2.60

0.2825

−3.98

0.0045

−3.91

0.0237

INFL

−6.53

0.0000

−6.64

0.0000

-

-

-

-

GDPGR

−2.74

0.0797

−3.90

0.0248

-

-

-

-

OILP

−1.81

0.3699

−2.41

0.3694

−4.20

0.0026

−4.24

0.0138

FDI

−2.80

0.0692

−3.67

0.0404

-

-

-

-

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