Table 10 The spatial spillover effect analysis results.
From: Smart city construction and urban livability: evidence from a quasi-natural experiment in China
SDM-DID | SAR-DID | SEM-DID | |
|---|---|---|---|
(1) | (2) | (3) | |
SCP | 0.0359*** (0.0076) | 0.0372*** (0.0075) | 0.0354*** (0.0076) |
CV | Yes | Yes | Yes |
ρ/λ | 0.6426*** (0.0693) | 0.6327*** (0.0704) | 0.6580*** (0.0692) |
Direct effect | 0.0382*** (0.0078) | ||
Indirect effect | 0.6195** (0.3114) | ||
Total effect | 0.6577** (0.3122) | ||
LR-SAR | 26.11*** | ||
LR-SEM | 24.95*** | ||
Wald-SAR | 26.18*** | ||
Wald-SEM | 24.87*** | ||
Year-FE | Yes | Yes | Yes |
City-FE | Yes | Yes | Yes |
R2 | 0.4245 | 0.4378 | 0.4400 |
