Table 2 Confirmatory factor analysis.

From: What factors affect the intention to use information and communication technology? Perspectives of Chinese university students

Construct

Item

 

FL

α

CR

AVE

Source

Effort expectancy (EE)

   

0.901

0.815

0.595

(Wang et al. 2022)

EE1

It is easy to use ICT technology.

0.788

   

EE2

Mastering the basic concepts of computer base technology ICT is a pleasure.

0.775

   

EE3

Using ICT is straightforward and simple.

0.751

   

Habit (HAB)

   

0.897

0.936

0.831

(Wang et al. 2022)

HAB1

It is now commonplace to use ICT for educational uses.

0.935

   

HAB2

I need to look over my lesson and learn with the help of ICT technology.

0.925

   

HAB3

Using an ICT application is become second nature.

0.736

   

Hedonic motivation (HM)

   

0.832

0.902

0.757

(Al-Azawei and Alowayr, 2020)

HM1

It’s enjoyable to use ICT technology.

0.928

   

HM2

It’s fun to use ICT technology.

0.919

   

HM3

It’s entertaining to use ICT technology.

0.731

   

Performance expectancy (PE)

   

0.815

0.891

0.732

(Wang et al. 2022)

PE1

Tablets, smartphones, and ICT technologies improve learning performance.

0.895

   

PE2

I have used ICT to finish college tasks and conduct literary searches quickly.

0.789

   

PE3

ICT facilitates efficient course review.

0.879

   

Price value (PV)

   

0.886

0.921

0.744

(Shen et al. 2022)

PV1

Applications for ICT technology may be more advantageous for me than the required work.

0.916

   

PV2

In my opinion, the benefits of ICT technology outweigh the need for cost.

0.778

   

PV3

In general, ICT applications are worthwhile.

0.846

   

PV4

I pay reasonable attention to using ICT technology for my education.

0.904

   

Technology characteristics (TC)

   

0.991

0.994

0.981

(Faqih and Jaradat, 2021)

TC1

I belief that by utilizing ICT technology, I will be able to carry on with my studies.

0.988

   

TC2

For personally, I’m certain that educational opportunities and real-time support will arise from the use of ICT.

0.994

   

TC3

In my view, educational endeavors are likely to incorporate ICT technology.

0.990

   

Task characteristics (TCH)

   

0.964

0.975

0.929

(Faqih and Jaradat, 2021)

TCH1

With the help of ICT, I can learn whenever I want.

0.978

   

TCH2

I think it’s essential to use ICT technology in order to learn anywhere.

0.949

   

TCH3

I’m always having trouble with irregular; technology always rescues me.

0.965

   

Technology self-efficacy (TSE)

   

0.839

0.901

0.752

(Govender, 2009)

TSE1

I can use the internet that I have access to further my academic objectives.

0.882

   

TSE2

With the help of ICT technologies and learning management systems, I can learn.

0.882

   

TSE3

My desire to learn about ICT-based technology is strong.

0.836

   

Task-technology fit (TTF)

   

0.734

0.849

0.652

(Faqih and Jaradat, 2021)

TTF1

I believe the computer’s features are adequate to support me in completing my academic tasks.

0.772

   

TTF2

I believe the ICT tools are suitable for assisting me in learning.

0.846

   

TTF3

I believe that ICT technology completely satisfies my educational needs.

0.802

   

Intention to use ICT (ITUICT)

   

0.945

0.965

0.901

(Shahzad et al. 2024)

ITUICT1

I am excited to adopt ICT tools in my education.

0.975

   

ITUICT2

I am planning to use ICT tools and inform my other colleagues.

0.904

   

ITUICT3

I will continue to use tools related to ICT.

0.967

   
  1. FL factor loadings, CR composite reliability, AVE average variance extracted, α Cronbach’s alpha.
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