Fig. 1: Tripartite participant relationship diagram. | Humanities and Social Sciences Communications

Fig. 1: Tripartite participant relationship diagram.

From: Evolutionary game analysis of Arctic shipping black carbon emission reduction strategies based on government regulation and port fee differential policies

Fig. 1

This figure illustrates the interaction among Arctic coastal governments, Arctic ports and shipping companies in reducing BC emissions in Arctic shipping. The Arctic coastal governments (top) choose to actively or passively regulate for Arctic ports and shipping companies. Arctic ports (lower left) choose whether to implement a differential port fee policy for shipping companies. Shipping companies (lower right) choose to actively or passively reduce BC emissions.

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