Fig. 10: Impact of various reward and punishment mechanisms on the strategic choices of manufacturing enterprises in green innovation.

Among them a represent static reward and static punishment mechanism, b represents the dynamic reward and static punishment mechanism, c represents the static reward and dynamic punishment mechanism, and d represents the dynamic reward and dynamic punishment mechanism. The figures demonstrate the impact of P and Q values on green innovation strategies among manufacturing enterprises under various regulatory frameworks. Notably, when P and Q values exceed 5 under the static green credit and dynamic certification revocation mechanism, as shown in c, the probability of adopting green innovation strategies significantly rises. This underscores the pivotal role of incentive and penalty mechanisms in promoting genuine green innovation and curbing greenwashing.